ABBREVIATIONS APPENDIX

Abbreviations in alphabetical order. Bones are in capital letters, muscles are a mixture of capital letters and lower case, whereas features are all in lower case. Combinations of abbreviations may be separated by a full stop (e.g., low.pr), in such combinations abbreviations for bones are not capitalized (e.g., mx.fct).

 

add.cha

adductor chamber

add.fos

adductor fossa of the lower jaw

adt

additional tooth

AN

ANGULAR

apmx

anterior process of the maxilla

ART

ARTICULAR

art.sur

articular surface

AT

ATLAS

AX

AXIS

BO

BASIOCCIPITAL

bpr

basipterygoid processes

BS

BASISPHENOID

BSHL

BASIHYAL

can

caniniform

ce

centrum

chi

chisel-like tooth

cho

choana (internal nares)

CL

CLAVICLE

cn5.1

ophthalmic division of cranial nerve 5 (trigeminal)

cn5.2

maxillary division of cranial nerve 5 (trigeminal)

cn5.3

mandibular division of cranial nerve 5 (trigeminal)

cn5.3mh

mylohyoid branch of cranial nerve 5 (trigeminal)

cn7hy

hyomandibularis branch of cranial nerve 7 (facial)

cn9

cranial nerve 9 (glossopharyngeal)

cn12

cranial nerve 12 (hypoglossal)

CO

CORONOID

contis

connective tissue

cpd

coronoid process of the dentary

CRB1

CERATOBRANCHIAL 1

CRB2

CERATOBRANCHIAL 2

CRHL

CERATOHYAL

crt

crest

DEN

DENTARY

dep

depression

ECPT

ECTOPTERYGOID

ent.pr

entoglossal process

epiph

epiphyses

EPT

EPIPTERYGOID

EXOC

EXOCCIPITAL

fas

fascia

fct

facet

fl

flange

fmg

foramen magnum

fn

fontanelle

for

foramen

fpmx

facial process of the maxilla

FR

FRONTAL

gcn5.1

ophthalmic ganglion

gmm

maxillomandibular ganglion

hatch

hatchling teeth

hma

hyomandibular artery

IC1

INTERCENTRUM 1

IC2

INTERCENTRUM 2

IC3

INTERCENTRUM 3

IC4

INTERCENTRUM 4

ICL

INTERCLAVICLE

ios

interorbital septum

iptv

interpterygoid vacuity

ise

interdigitated seam

jj

jaw joint

JUG

JUGAL

ke

keel

ld

lacrimal duct

lig

ligament

ltb

lower temporal bar

ltf

lower temporal fenestra

m

musculus

mPPt

m. Protractor Pterygoidei

mAME

m. Adductor Mandibulae Externus

mAMEM

m. Adductor Mandibulae Externus Medialis

mAMEMa

ventrolateral head of the m. Adductor Mandibulae Externus Medialis

mAMEMb

anteromedial head of the m. Adductor Mandibulae Externus Medialis

mAMEMc

posterior head of the m. Adductor Mandibulae Externus Medialis

mAMEP

m. Adductor Mandibulae Externus Profundus

mAMES

m. Adductor Mandibulae Externus Superficialis

mAMI

m. Adductor Mandibulae Internus

mAMP

m. Adductor Mandibulae Posterior

man.for

mandibular foramen

max.tr

maxillary tooth row

mAxSu

Axis-supraoccipital muscle

mAxSu

m. Axis-supraoccipital

mCCol

m. Constrictor Colli

mCeh

m. Ceratohyoideus

mCID

m. Constrictor Internus Dorsalis

mClDo

m. Clavicle Dorsalis

mDM

m. Depressor Mandibulae

mDML

m. Depressor Mandibulae Lateralis

mDMM

m. Depressor Mandibulae Medialis

mEscm

m. Episternocleidomastoid

mEscm1

m. Episternocleidomastoid branch 1 (ventral most)

mEscm2

m. Episternocleidomastoid branch 2

mEscm3

m. Episternocleidomastoid branch 3 (dorsal most)

mar

mandibular artery

mf

maxillary foramen

mGgl

m. Genioglossus

mGhy

m. Geniohyoideus

mGhy1

m. Geniohyoideus 1 (medial part)

mGhy2

m. Geniohyoideus 2 (lateral part)

mHygl

m. Hyoglossus

mIcos

m. Iliocostalis

mIcosCa

m. Iliocostalis capitis

mInm

m. Intermandibularis

mkgr

meckelian groove

mL

m. Longissimus

mLBul

m. Levator Bulbi

mLCaL

m. Longissimus Capitis Lateralis

mLCaM

m. Longissimus Capitis Medialis

mLCaPTCe

m. Longus Capitis Pars Transversalis Cervicus

mLoCol

m. Longus Colli

mLot

m. Longitudinalis

mLPt

m. Levator Pterygoidei

mObCaM

m. Obliquus Capitis Magnus

mOmHy

m. Omohyoideus

mptc

medial pterygoid crest

mPPt

m. Levator Pterygoidei

mPstP

m Pseudotemporalis Profundus

mPstS

m Pseudotemporalis Superficialis

mPt

m. Pterygoideus

mPtTy

m. Pterygoideus Typicus

mPtTyD

m. Pterygoideus Typicus Dorsal

mPtTyML

m. Pterygoideus Typicus Middle Lateral

mPtTyMM

m. Pterygoideus Typicus Middle Medial

mPtTyV

m. Pterygoideus Typicus Ventralis

mReCaPP

m. Rectus Capitis Posterior Profundis

mReCaPS

m. Rectus Capitis Posterior Superficialis

mSp

m. Spinalis

mSpCa

m. Spinalis Capitis

mSspCa

m. Semispinalis Capitis

mSteHy

m. Sternohyoideus

mSty

m Stylohyoideus

msep

median septum

msul

median sulcus

mTrap

m. Trapezius

mTrv

m. Transversalis

mVec

m. Verticalis

MX

MAXILLA

n

external nares

NA

NASAL

ns

neural spine

ntch

notch

oc.proat.lig

occipital proatlas ligament

occd

occipital condyle

odpr

odontoid process

OP

OPISTHOTIC

orb

orbit

PAL

PALATINE

pal.tr

palatal tooth row

pap

filamentous papilla

PAR

PARIETAL

par.crt

parietal crest

par.for

parietal foramen

PAT

PROATLAS

path

pathology

PMX

PREMAXILLA

pmx.t

premaxillary tooth

PO

PROOTIC

pocc

paroccipital process of the opisthotic

POFR

POSTFRONTAL

PORB

POSTORBITAL

pozyg

postzygapophyses

ppj

posterior process of the jugal

pr

Process

PRE

PREARTICULAR

prezyg

prezygapophyses

PRFR

PREFRONTAL

PSPH

PARASPHENOID

psro

parasphenoid rostrum (cultriform process)

PT

PTERYGOID

ptb

posterior temporal bar

ptfl

pterygoid flange

ptne

pterygoid neck

QJ

QUADRATOJUGAL

qj.for

quadratojugal foramen

QU

QUADRATE

qucd

quadrate condyle

ret

reteroarticular process

ri

ridge

RIB

RIB

sba

secondary bone apron (lingual surface)

sbb

secondary bone band

sbs

secondary bone skirt (labial surface)

se

seam

skin

skin

sl

slice

SMX

SEPTOMAXILLA

SO

SUPRAOCCIPITAL

sorb

suborbital fenestra

sosm

suborbital section of the maxilla

sot

spheno-occipital tubercle

sp2sp.n

space for the 2nd spinal nerve

SQ

SQUAMOSAL

ssp

suprascapula cartilage

ST

STAPES

SUR

SURANGULAR

sym

symphysis

t

tooth

tenb

tendinous band

ten

tendon

tong

tongue

tpr

transverse process

tro

trough

tub

tubercle

utb

upper temporal bar

utf

upper temporal fenestra

V3

VERTEBRA 3

V4

VERTEBRA 4

V5

VERTEBRA 5

V6

VERTEBRA 6

vi

vidian groove

VO

VOMER

vo.t

vomerine tooth

vplj

ventral projection of the lower jaw

vtsep

ventral transverse septum

wf

wear facet